Most epithelial ovarian tumors appear to arise from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). Even though it has been suggested that estrogen may be associated with ovarian tumorigenesis, the exact role of estrogen in the regulation of apoptosis in neoplastic OSE cells rema...

Eight beagles, 10 months of age, were surgically hypophysectomized and subsequently maintained without hormonal replacement therapy for 8 weeks. Four of the animals then received daily injections of bovine somatotropin (0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously for 3 weeks), while the r...

We have used an insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II transgenic mouse model in which mouse IGF-II is widely overexpressed, resulting in increased fetal size and selective organ overgrowth, to investigate the effects on the development of the endocrine pancreas. Fetuses e...

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the active androgen in many tissues, is synthesized from testosterone by the enzyme 4-ene steroid 5 alpha-reductase (5 alpha-reductase; EC 1.3.1.22). In the epididymis, the maturation and storage of spermatozoa are dependent on the presence of...

Abstract Glucocorticoids (GCs) are critical modulators of the immune system. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulates circulating GC levels and is stimulated by endotoxins. Lymphoid organs also produce GCs; however, it is not known how lymphoid GC levels ...

Peptide-23 is a 16-kilodalton protein secreted by rat pituitary cells that was first identified because it was regulated by GRF and somatostatin in a similar fashion to GH. Cloning of peptide-23 complementary DNA revealed that it is identical to pancreatitis-associated ...

To characterize the plasma PRL pattern in adult male rats and elucidate the modulatory effects of testosterone on this circulating PRL pattern, serial blood samples were obtained from both intact rats and rats orchidectomized and given various doses of testosterone via ...

Abstract Vitamin D deficiency is associated with poor cancer outcome in humans, and administration of vitamin D or its analogs decreases tumor progression and metastasis in animal models. Using the mouse mammary tumor virus-polyoma middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) model of ...

The hypothalamic-based kisspeptin-signaling system is a major positive regulator of the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis in mammals. During the last decade, major advances have been made in understanding how this signaling system is regulated and how it can be manipulat...

IT HAS been reported previously (1) that the succinoxidase activity of the adrenal glands of adult male rats is approximately 80% higher than that of female animals of the same age. We have suggested that this sex difference is dependent on gonadal secretions because it...