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Related Article: Neha Choudhary, Marı́a de Guadalupe Jaraquemada-Peláez, Kristof Zarschler, Xiaozhu Wang, Valery Radchenko, Manja Kubeil, Holger Stephan, Chris Orvig|2020|Inorg.Chem.|59|5728|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00509

Control data of optogenetic activation of ACC PV-positive interneurons. A, Result of the PV-ChR2 saline group. There was no light effect either before (off: 5.09 ± 0.22 g, on: 4.84 ± 0.09 g; n = 6) or after saline injection (off: 5.18 ± 0.18 g, on: 4.79 ± 0.23 g; n = 6). B, Result of the WT-ChR2 CFA group. There was no light effect before (off: 5.18 ± 0.13 g, on: 5.12 ± 0.12 g; n = 8) or after CFA (off: 3.33 ± 0.12 g, on: 3.58 ± 0.19 g; n = 8). There was only statistically significant effect of CFA treatment per se (p 

Additional file 12: Table S1. Total number of ones, zeros and nulls in the sparse matrix for the 163 TFs used in this study.

Introduction: The threat bacterial pathogens pose to human health is increasing with the number and distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, while the rate of discovery of new antimicrobials dwindles. Proteomics is playing key roles in understanding the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis, and in identifying disease outcome determinants. The physical associations identified by proteomics can provide the means to develop pathogen-specific treatment methods that reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance and alleviate the negative effects of broad-spectrum antibiotics on beneficial bacteria. Areas covered: This review discusses recent trends in proteomics and introduces new and developing approaches that can be applied to the study of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) underlying bacterial pathogenesis. The approaches examined encompass options for mapping proteomes as well as stable and transient interactions in vivo and in vitro. We also explored the coverage of bacterial and human-bacterial PPIs, knowledge gaps in this area, and how they can be filled. Expert commentary: Identifying potential antimicrobial candidates is confounded by the complex molecular biology of bacterial pathogenesis and the lack of knowledge about PPIs underlying this process. Proteomics approaches can offer new perspectives for mechanistic insights and identify essential targets for guiding the discovery of next generation antimicrobials.

Genome-wide predictions of cis-regulatory regions for all six cell types. (ZIP 20400 kb)