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AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate trends in organisms causing early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Congruent with recent reports, we hypothesized there would be an increase in EONS caused by Escherichia coli.Study DesignNational data on infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units from 2009 to 2014 were compared to previously reported data from 2003 to 2008. We report 430 cases of EONS from 2009 to 2014. Bivariate analyses were used to analyze the distribution of causative organisms over time and differences by gestational age. Linear regression was used to estimate trends in causative organisms.ResultsSince 2003, there has been a trend of increasing numbers of cases caused by E coli (P<0.01). The predominant organism was E coli in preterm infants and Group B Streptococcus in term infants.ConclusionsWith the majority of EONS cases now caused by E coli, our findings emphasize the importance of continued surveillance of causative organism patterns and developing approaches to reduce cases caused by E coli.

This dataset is composed of CT pulmonary angiograms and annotations related to pulmonary embolism. It is available at https://www.rsna.org/education/ai-resources-and-training/ai-image-challenge/rsn...

The intent of convening the international symposium on circle hooks in research, management, and conservation was to yield a contemporary, science-based assessment of the management and conservation utility of circle hooks in commercial, recreational, and artisanal fisheries around the globe. The symposium objective was to provide a forum for individuals, organizations, and agencies to share relevant research results and perspectives. Based on the presentations, an examination of the literature, and the collective experience and knowledge of the authors, we provide a brief overview of the current status of circle hook research along with a list of research needs, with a particular focus on science that has the potential to inform managers and stakeholders. progress was made on the definition of a "true circle hook." There was strong recognition that circle hooks represent just one of the tools available to managers for reducing bycatch and release mortality. also defined was the need for an integrative approach that considers strategies that complement the use of circle hooks. some of the research needs identified include a greater emphasis on human dimension studies to identify those factors that may impede adoption of circle hook technology by stakeholders and comparative studies of circle hook performance relative to mouth morphology, dentition, and feeding behavior. While the literature on effective use of circle hooks is growing, there remains a number of unanswered questions that will require study before circle hooks are more widely adopted for conservation and management of aquatic living resources.

Brain tumors are a hazardous type of tumor, and they build pressure inside the skull when they grow, which can potentially cause brain damage or even death. Attention mechanisms are widely adopted in state-of-the-art deep learning architectures for computer vision and neural translation tasks since they enhance networks' ability to capture spatial and channel-wise relationships. We offer an attention-based image segmentation model that outlines the brain tumors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans if present. In the paper, we mainly focus on integrating Squeeze-and-Excitation Block and CBAM into the commonly used segmentation model, U-Net, to resolve the problem of concatenating unnecessary information into the decoder blocks and attempt to locate the tumor boundaries. Our research clearly shows the application of the attention mechanism in U-Net, incorporates the Squeeze-and-Excitation with CBAM, and improves the performance in the brain tumor segmentation task. The model is delivered on an app with additional text to speech and chatbot features provided.

This study examines the feasibility of constructing reliable commercial property price indices using property tax records. We employ the Clapp and Giacotto (1992) assessed-value method to estimate price indices from 1988:4 to 2008:4 for commercial properties in Florida. The estimated Florida commercial property price index is compared to the Moody’s/REAL Commercial Property Price Index (CPPI) and to the transaction-based index (TBI) produced by the Commercial Real Estate Data Lab at MIT. Our results are promising, suggesting that this widely-available data source can be used to produce commercial price indices for a wide variety of precise market locations and specific investor segments on an ongoing basis. We use our comprehensive database to examine two specific subsets in more detail. First, we narrow our range to focus on just the office sector for Florida. We compare price movements for the Florida office sector with the comparable CPPI. Estimates produce very similar price movements providing support to both methods. Second, we contrast the price performance of higher- and lower-valued properties. Chow tests indicate that Florida commercial properties assessed at $2.5 million, or above, appreciated on average at greater rates than those assessed below $2.5 million. In addition, our estimates indicate that highervalued properties performed especially well during periods of economic expansion. This finding represents an important contribution toward understanding the relative performance of smaller and institutional-grade commercial properties.

Mass spectrometry (MS) has provided some paradigm-shifting technology to the field of cardiac biology. Recent advances in MS have made protein identification into a high throughput analytic tool and improved accuracy and sensitivity of protein quantitation. Many of the tools available to scientists trying to answer fundamental questions of basic heart function and mechanisms of disease are quite robust and versatile. MS-based cardiac proteomic approaches have developed to such an extent that a researcher can design experiments to answer clear hypotheses, but also studies can also be ‘hypothesis-generating’, ultimately leading to deeper analyses and considerations. Here, we will outline the basic concepts of MS in an effort to explain the potential of this technology in investigating cardiac based research questions. Principles of how current instrumentation functions and how data is acquired will be introduced. Protein quantitation in MS is available in many varieties and applications; this chapter will outline current available technologies in protein quantitation such as isotope-labeled and label-free approaches. With the introductory knowledge of MS and protein quantitation, we will examine some key cardiac proteomics studies and discuss how these principles have been applied to answer specific research questions.

Abstract Abstract 379 Necdin, a member of MAGE (melanoma antigen) family proteins, is a growth suppressing protein that was first identified in post mitotic neurons. The gene encoding necdin is one of several deleted in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome, a neurobehavioural disorder associated with an increased risk of myeloid leukemia. It is reported that necdin interacts with p53 and represses p53-mediated apoptosis in neurons, but its role in hematopoiesis is largely unknown. Recently, we defined a critical role of p53 in regulating hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, and identified necdin as a target gene of p53, that is highly expressed in LT-HSCs (Liu Y et al., Cell Stem Cell, 2009). To define the role of necdin in hematopoiesis, we have analyzed the hematopoietic compartment of necdin-null mice. As necdin-null mice die perinatally, we first investigated fetal hematopoiesis and found no alteration in the frequency of fetal liver HSCs, defined as Lin-Sca1+Mac1+CD48-CD150+ within the fetal liver cells. Although necdin-null fetal liver HSCs increase serial replating capability in methylcellulose and maintain stemness in long-term stromal based cultures better than wild type HSCs, necdin-null fetal liver HSCs repopulate lethally irradiated recipient mice similar to wild type HSCs, in primary, secondary, and tertiary serial bone marrow transplantation assays. In addition, necdin-null HSCs show almost comparable repopulating ability as wild type HSCs, after secondary competitive bone marrow transplantation assays. These imply that necdin is dispensable for HSC self renewal. On the other hand, BM-derived necdin-null HSCs show decreased quiescence 4 months after transplantation, and increased proliferation as indicated by in vivo BrdU incorporation assays. Furthermore, recipient mice repopulated with necdin-null HSCs show enhanced sensitivity both to weekly 5-FU administration and to total body irradiation, as manifested by increased mortality. This suggests that the decreased quiescence of necdin-null HSCs leads to their depletion under conditions of genotoxic stress. Gene expression profiling studies have identified several deregulated signaling pathways in the necdin-null HSCs. Expression of several p53 target genes is altered in irradiated necdin-null HSCs, which may account for their enhanced radiosensitivity. We are now investigating these necdin target genes to clarify how necdin functions to critically regulate HSC quiescence. We are also determining whether targeting necdin could be a therapeutic approach to eliminate quiescent leukemia stem cells, using a murine CML model. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Although finite Blaschke products are a remarkable and exclusive class of functions, they appear in many important approximation problems.

It is a golden age for animal movement studies and so an opportune time to assess priorities for future work. We assembled 40 experts to identify key questions in this field, focussing on marine megafauna, which include a broad range of birds, mammals, reptiles, and fish. Research on these taxa has both underpinned many of the recent technical developments and led to fundamental discoveries in the field. We show that the questions have broad applicability to other taxa, including terrestrial animals, flying insects, and swimming invertebrates, and, as such, this exercise provides a useful roadmap for targeted deployments and data syntheses that should advance the field of movement ecology. Workshop funding was granted to M.T., A.M.M.S., and C.M.D. by the UWA Oceans Institute, the Australian Institute of Marine Science, and the Office of Sponsored Research at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Hays, Graeme C. et al. Peer reviewed

Novel data obtained through experimental investigation into the fatigue response of 350WT steel, subjected to semi-random loading, comprised of various combinations of intermittent tensile overloads and compressive underloads are presented. An effective model for predicting the fatigue response is also introduced. For that, the capabilities of some of the currently available models are investigated and then an exponential delay model, being capable of accounting for the effects of not only overload ratio, but also stress ratio and overload/underload ratio is introduced. Since most variable amplitude models are based on a constant amplitude model, efforts were also expended to identify a constant amplitude fatigue crack growth model that would be easy to use, requiring the calibration of few (if any) empirical curve-fitting parameters. The integrity of a selected model is examined and results are presented.