It has been suggested that in skeletal muscle the force-velocity relationship may not be a simple hyperbolic one, as defined by Hill's equation. To determine whether smooth muscle demonstrated the same properties, quick-release force-velocity curves were obtained from ...

Two exogenous surfactant preparations [Survanta and bovine lipid extract surfactant (BLES)] were evaluated in saline lavage-injured adult sheep with two different delivery methods (instillation vs. aerosolization). Instilled BLES resulted in the greatest improvement in...

We examined whether a Ca2+-K+ interaction was a potential mechanism operating during fatigue with repeated tetani in isolated mouse muscles. Raising the extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) from 1.3 to 10 mM in K+-depressed slow-twitch soleus and/or fast-twitch e...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) causes systemic hypotension, pulmonary vasodilation, and loss of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production and prevents some systemic manifestations of TNF-alpha. ...

In recent years, advancements in echocardiography assessment techniques have allowed for the quantification of left ventricular (LV) rotation. This information has provided new insight into LV function in health and disease. In this review, we discuss the importance of...

Three field applicable treatments for hypothermia were compared. Subjects were cooled in stirred cold water (8.0 degrees C) to a core temperature (Tco) as low as 33 degrees C and rewarmed in a random order by each of three techniques: shivering, external heat, and trea...

Experiments were carried out in conscious, chronically instrumented lambs ( n = 8) and young adult sheep ( n = 11) to investigate age-dependent renal responses to hemorrhage. Various parameters of renal function were measured for 1 h before and 1 h after either 10% hem...

We measured the time course and heterogeneity of responses to contractile and relaxing agonists in individual human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells in culture. To this end, we developed a microrheometer based on magnetic twisting cytometry adapted with a novel optica...

Physical activity induces a subclinical inflammatory response, mediated in part by leukocytes, and manifested by elevated concentrations of circulating proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, the sou...