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ATLAS measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy in lead–lead collisions at \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm {NN}}}=2.76$$\end{document}sNN=2.76 TeV are shown using a dataset of approximately 7 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\upmu $$\end{document}μb\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$^{-1}$$\end{document}-1 collected at the LHC in 2010. The measurements are performed for charged particles with transverse momenta \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0.5

Anderson proposed structural topology in frustrated magnets hosting novel quantum spin liquids (QSLs). The QSL state is indeed exactly derived by fractionalizing the spin excitation into spinless Majorana fermions in a perfect two dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice, the so-called Kitaev lattice, and its experimental realisation is eagerly being pursued. Here we, for the first time, report the Kitaev lattice stacking with van der Waals (vdW) bonding in a high quality {\alpha}-RuCl$_3$ crystal using x-ray and neutron diffractions. Even in absence of apparent monoclinic distortion, the system exhibits antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering below 6.5 K, likely due to minute magnetic interaction from trigonal distortion and/or interlayer coupling additionally to the Kitaev Hamiltonian. We also demonstrate 2D Ising-like critical behaviors near the N\'eel temperature in the order parameter and specific heat, capturing the characteristics of short-range spin-spin correlations underlying the Kitaev model. Our findings hold promise for unveiling enigmatic physics emerging from the Kitaev QSL.

Non-destructive testing in the electromagnetic field is one of the fastest and least expensive testing techniques for pieces subject to degradation. This domain has evolved a lot in recent years, because of the increasing demands received by the scientific community from the industry. Non-destructive testing aims to detect defects (different types of cracks, structural inhomogeneity) in materials (conducting, ferromagnetic) without destroying the tested object. Therefore, the application of such techniques addresses many relevant domains that require high security of installations, domains such as aeronautical, nuclear, medical, or chemical industry. This chapter provides insight into the most commonly used non-destructive measurement devices, but also into the magnetic field analysis in nonlinear media. It presents the magnetization characteristic evaluation for ferromagnetic bodies.

[ES] En este artículo se describe un estudio piloto consistente en la realización de un taller de modelado 3D como herramienta de innovación educativa para el desarrollo de competencias contempladas en los nuevos grados de Bellas Artes. Entre ellas, el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, propone la competencia de elegir el sistema de representación adecuado, la utilización de herramientas tecnológicas avanzadas y el desarrollo de la capacidad de visión espacial. El estudio ha sido realizado con estudiantes de Grado en Bellas rutes de la Universidad de La Laguna durante el curso académico 2010-20 11. El software elegido para el taller ha sido Google Sketchup 8, en su versión gratuita. Para medir la influencia que ha tenido la realización del mismo los alumnos rellenaron una encuesta de satisfacción sobre el taller, y se les midió el efecto sobre la visión espacial mediante el Mental Rotation Test (MRT). Los resultados indican que este tipo de iniciativas permiten mejorar las competencias de los estudiantes. [EN] This article describes a pilot study involving the realization of a 3D modelling workshop as an innovative educational tool for development skills contemplated by the new degrees in Arts. The new European Higher Education Area includes the development of abilities, such us the capacity to choose the appropriate representation system, using advanced technological tools and developing the capacity for spatial vision. The study was conducted with students in Arts Degree from the University of La Laguna during the academic year 2010-2011. The software chosen for the workshop has been Google Sketchup 8, free version. To measure the results of the pilot study, students completed a survey of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction on the Workshop, and it was measured the effect of spatial vision using the Mental Rotation Test (MRT). The results show that this kind of initiatives allow to improve the skills of students.

Abstract: Port research is not a new field of interest for human geographers, evidenced by numerous conceptual models and empirical cases of port evolution and development in the literature. However, several critical questions remain unanswered, notably the exact position of port geography as a subdiscipline within human geography in the past, present and future. Based on a pluralistic approach, the paper analyzes the changing waves and development of port geography as a sub-discipline of human geography, with a special focus on whether port geography has experienced a paradigm shift and, if so, when, why, and how. Also, through analyzing the major terrains of port geography research from the macro perspective, it brings a new lease of life to port geography in this rapidly changing world.

In this paper, we consider the existence of at least three positive solutions for the 2nth order differential equations with integral boundary conditions $$ \left \{ \textstyle\begin{array}{l} x^{(2n)}(t)=f(t, x(t), x''(t),\ldots,x^{(2(n-1))}(t)), \quad 0\leq t\leq 1, \\ x^{(2i)}(0)=\int_{0}^{1}k_{i}(s)x^{(2i)}(s) \,\mathrm{d}s,\qquad x^{(2i)}(1)=0, \quad 0\leq i\leq n-1, \end{array}\displaystyle \right . $$ where $(-1)^{n}f>0$ is continuous, and $k_{i}(t)\in L^{1}[0,1]$ ( $i=0,1,\ldots,n-1$ ) are nonnegative. The associated Green’s function for the higher order differential equations with integral boundary conditions is first given, and growth conditions are imposed on f which yield the existence of multiple positive solutions by using the Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem.

The cross section for the production of W bosons with subsequent decay W to tau nu is measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on a data sample that was recorded in 2010 at a proton-proton center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The cross section is measured in a region of high detector acceptance and then extrapolated to the full phase space. The product of the total W production cross section and the W to tau nu branching ratio is measured to be 11.1 +/- 0.3 (stat) +/- 1.7 (syst) +/- 0.4 (lumi) nb.

We describe the production of a highly-active mutant VEGF variant, α2-PI1-8-VEGF121, which contains a substrate sequence for factor XIIIa at the aminoterminus designed for incorporation into a fibrin gel. The α2-PI1-8-VEGF121 gene was synthesized, cloned into a pET-32a(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli Origami B (DE3) host cells. To increase the protein folding and the solubility, the resulting thioredoxin-α2-PI1-8-VEGF121 fusion protein was co-expressed with recombinant molecular chaperones GroES/EL encoded by independent plasmid pGro7. The fusion protein was purified from the soluble fraction of cytoplasmic proteins using affinity chromatography. After cleavage of the thioredoxin fusion part with thrombin, the target protein was purified by a second round of affinity chromatography. The yield of purified α2-PI1-8-VEGF121 was 1.4 mg per liter of the cell culture. The α2-PI1-8-VEGF121 expressed in this work increased the proliferation of endothelial cells 3.9-8.7 times in comparison with commercially-available recombinant VEGF121. This very high mitogenic activity may be caused by co-expression of the growth factor with molecular chaperones not previously used in VEGF production. At the same time, α2-PI1-8-VEGF121 did not elicit considerable inflammatory activation of human endothelial HUVEC cells and human monocyte-like THP-1 cells.

Abstract This paper structurally characterizes the complexity of ranking. A set A is (strongly) P-rankable if there is a polynomial time computable function f so that for all x , f(x) computes the number of elements of A that are lexicographically ⩽ x , i.e., the rank of x with respect to A . This is the strongest of three notions of P-ranking we consider in this paper. We say a class C is P-rankable if all sets in C are P-rankable. Our main results show that with the same certainty with which we believe counting to be complex, and thus with at least the certainty with which we believe P ≠ NP, P has no uniform, strong, weak, or enumerative ranking functions. We show that: 1. • P and NP are equally likely to be P-rankable, i.e., P is P-rankable if and only if NP is P-rankable. 2. • P is P-rankable if and only if P = P #P . This extends work of Blum, Goldberg, and Sipser. 3. • Even the two weaker notions of P-ranking that we study are hard if P ≠ P #P . 4. •If P has small ranking circuits, then it has small ranking circuits of relatively low complexity. 5. • If P has small ranking circuits then counting is in the polynomial hierarchy, i.e., P #P ⊆ Σ 2 p = PH. 6. • P/poly has small ranking circuits if and only if P #P /poly = P #P/poly = P/poly. 7. • If P is P-rankable, then P/poly has small ranking circuits. This links the ranking complexity of uniform and nonuniform classes. 8. • The ranks of some strings in easy sets are of high relative time-bounded Kolmogorov complexity unless P = P #P . It follows that even a type of approximate ranking, enumerative ranking, is hard unless P = P #P . 9. • The complexity of generating “the next largest” element in a set has clear structural characterizations. In particular, (1) we can efficiently find some element of polynomial hierarchy sets at an input length if and only if P = PH ∩ P/poly, and (2) we can efficiently find some element of a polynomial hierarchy set greater than an input if and only if all sets in NP have infinite P-printable subsets.