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  • Authors: Douglas J. Cant;

    ABSTRACT The Aptian-Albian Mannville Group of the Western Canada foreland basin shows longitudinal paleoflow parallel to the basin axis, and therefore its sequence stratigraphic organization differs from that of either a passive margin or a transversely supplied foreland. A detailed isopach map of the lower transgressive systems tract shows that over most of the basin, the greater part of this unit was not deposited in accommodation generated primarily by flexural subsidence In the west, the basal Cadomin Conglomerate was shed during a period of erosion of the overthrust load and uplift of the foreland, and does not mark the initiation of overthrusting. The Cadomin was preserved in disequilibrium with respect to any sea-level-related base level. To the east, basal Mannville sediments were deposited in valleys forming a major drainage system cut into the underlying Paleozoic rocks or in a large but shallow cratonic basin overlying a thick Paleozoic salt undergoing solution. The valley fills are nested, cut into one another because of the lower rates of ormation of accommodation and also the narrow topographic depressions on the basal unconformity. None of these sediments were deposited in accommodation resulting from flexural subsidence. The upper highstand systems tract includes a number of unconformities, indicated in nonmarine to marginal-marine areas by incised valleys or abrupt, discontinuous facies shifts, and in shallow marine areas by falling to lowstand shoreface sandstones. In the area of higher subsidence rates near the overthrust belt, subaerial unconformities do not extend onto marine shelves; conformable surfaces with no evidence of subaerial exposure (Type 2 sequence boundaries) occur here. Eastward (parallel to the shoreline) in areas of lower subsidence rates, these pass into subaerial unconformities (Type 1 sequence boundaries) cutting across marine shelves, with falling and lowstand shoreface deposits at their distal edges. Traced much farther east into areas with the lowest subsidence rates, the Ty e 1 unconformities amalgamate, with the result that the gaps in the section are larger stratigraphically and represent longer time periods. The proportion of falling, lowstand, and transgressive sea-level deposits compared to highstand deposits is also greater cratonward. These stratigraphic and sedimentologic patterns are interpretable as the result of fluctuations in sea level generated by some unspecified extrabasinal mechanism, possibly eustasy, superimposed on the laterally varying foreland subsidence gradient.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Annie, Béliveau; Marc, Lucotte; Robert, Davidson; Luis Otávio do Canto, Lopes; +1 Authors

    article i nfo In the Brazilian Amazon, forest conversion to agricultural lands (slash-and-burn cultivation) contributes to soil mercury (Hg) release and to aquatic ecosystem contamination. Recent studies have shown that soil Hg loss occurs rapidly after deforestation, suggesting that Hg mobility could be related to the massive cation input resulting from biomass burning. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of the first year of slash-and-burn agriculture on soil Hg levels at the regional scale of the Tapajos River, in the state of Para, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 429 soil samples were collected in 26 farms of five riparian communities of the Tapajos basin. In September 2004, soil samples were collected from primary forest sites planned for slash-and-burn cultivation. In August 2005, one year after the initial burning, a second campaign was held and the exact same sites were re-sampled. Our results showed that total Hg levels in soils did not change significantly during the first year following slash-and-burn, suggesting no immediate release of soil Hg at that point in time. However, an early Hg mobility was detected near the surface (0-5 cm), reflected by a significant shift in Hg distribution in soil fractions. Indeed, a transfer of Hg from fine to coarser soil particles was observed, indicating that chemical bonds between Hg and fine particles could have been altered. A correspondence analysis (CA) showed that this process could be linked to a chemical competition caused by cation enrichment. The regional dimension of the study highlighted the prevailing importance of soil types in Hg dynamics, as shown by differentiated soil responses following deforestation according to soil texture. Confirming an early Hg mobility and indicating an eventual Hg release out of the soil, our results reinforce the call for the development of more sustainable agricultural practices in the Amazon.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao The Science of The T...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    The Science of The Total Environment
    Article . 2009
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao The Science of The T...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      The Science of The Total Environment
      Article . 2009
      License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: P. A. Chatterton; J. D. Cross;

    ICE formed by condensing low pressure water vapour onto a surface below 80 K is amorphous in structure1,2 and there is evidence1 that the ice becomes crystalline when heated to 150 K. Microscopic observations of ice grown by ice pressure vapour deposition on a surface at temperatures up to 220 K have been reported3 and these show that the ice forms spherical crystallites and does not produce the crystal forms commonly observed at higher temperatures and pressures. The growth of such ice has been studied chiefly because of its relevance to the structure of nacreous clouds, but amorphous ice may also form on the surface of vacuum insulated cryogenic power cables and it was with this application in mind that the observations were made.

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    Nature Physical Science
    Article . 1972
    License: Springer TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Nature Physical Scie...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Nature Physical Science
      Article . 1972
      License: Springer TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Kangxue Yin; Hui Huang; Pinxin Long; Alexei Gaissinski; +2 Authors

    AbstractDigitally capturing vegetation using off‐the‐shelf scanners is a challenging problem. Plants typically exhibit large self‐occlusions and thin structures which cannot be properly scanned. Furthermore, plants are essentially dynamic, deforming over the time, which yield additional difficulties in the scanning process. In this paper, we present a novel technique for acquiring and modelling of plants and foliage. At the core of our method is an intrusive acquisition approach, which disassembles the plant into disjoint parts that can be accurately scanned and reconstructed offline. We use the reconstructed part meshes as 3D proxies for the reconstruction of the complete plant and devise a global‐to‐local non‐rigid registration technique that preserves specific plant characteristics. Our method is tested on plants of various styles, appearances and characteristics. Results show successful reconstructions with high accuracy with respect to the acquired data.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Computer Graphics Fo...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Computer Graphics Forum
    Article . 2015
    License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Computer Graphics Fo...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Computer Graphics Forum
      Article . 2015
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  • Authors: A. H. Qureshi; L. N. Chaudhary;

    Temperature dependence of the initial susceptibility of Fe–3.25% Si has been investigated between −196° and 700°C for undeformed and deformed specimens. In the undeformed specimens the χi-vs-T behavior exhibits a minimum around room temperature and a second minimum around 450°C. The first maximum occurs between these two temperatures around 350°C, where χi is almost three times its room-temperature value. The χi rises again to extremely high values at temperatures slightly below the Curie point. With increasing deformation the first maximum is gradually flattened and disappears almost completely in specimens with 7% deformation.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Mohammed F. Alhamid; Majdi Rawashdeh; Haiwei Dong; M. Anwar Hossain; +1 Authors

    Context-aware recommendations offer the potential of exploiting social contents and utilize related tags and rating information to personalize the search for content considering a given context. Recommendation systems tackle the problem of trying to identify relevant resources from the vast number of choices available online. In this study, we propose a new recommendation model that personalizes recommendations and improves the user experience by analyzing the context when a user wishes to access multimedia content. We conducted empirical analysis on a dataset from last.fm to demonstrate the use of latent preferences for ranking items under a given context. Additionally, we use an optimization function to maximize the mean average precision measure of the resulted recommendation. Experimental results show a potential improvement to the quality of the recommendation in terms of accuracy when compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems
    Article . 2016
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
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      IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems
      Article . 2016
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ricky Watari; Sean T. Osis; Reed Ferber;

    Abstract Background Objectively identifying patients at baseline who may not respond well to a generic muscle strengthening intervention could improve clinical practice by optimizing treatment strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pelvic acceleration measures during running, and clinical and demographic variables could classify patellofemoral pain patients according to their response to a 6-week hip/core and knee exercise-based rehabilitation protocol. Methods Forty-one individuals with patellofemoral pain participated in a 6-week exercise intervention program and were sub-grouped into treatment Responders (n = 28) and Non-responders (n = 13) based on self-reported pain and function measures. Baseline pelvic acceleration measures were reduced using a principal component analysis and combined with patient reported outcome measures and demographic variables in a support vector machine to retrospectively classify patient treatment response. Findings The final classification model had 85.4% classification accuracy, which was significantly better than treatment success rate, with excellent detection rates for Responders (recall: 96.4%), but 23.1% of misclassifications among Non-responders (precision: 90.0%). Thus, it resulted in an F1-score of 0.93 and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.69. Interpretation Overall, the classifier successfully separated patellofemoral pain patients into exercise-based treatment Responders and Non-responders based on a combination of three components of the pelvic accelerations. While this model requires independent validation, it has the potential for further development and to be applied in clinical practice and improve treatment strategies for patellofemoral pain.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Clinical Biomechanic...arrow_drop_down
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    Clinical Biomechanics
    Article . 2018
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Clinical Biomechanic...arrow_drop_down
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      Clinical Biomechanics
      Article . 2018
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: van Wijngaarden, W. A.; Happer, W.;

    The clear sky instantaneous radiative forcings of the 14 halogenated gases previously shown to have the largest contribution to global warming, were found. The calculation used the absorption cross sections for the halogenated gases which are assumed to be independent of temperature as well as over 1/3 million line strengths for the 5 naturally occurring greenhouse gases: H$_2$O, CO$_2$, O$_3$, CH$_4$ and N$_2$O, from the Hitran database. The total radiative forcing of the halogenated gases at their 2020 concentrations is 0.52 (0.67) W/m$^2$ at the tropopause (mesopause). Over half of this forcing is due to CFC11 and CFC12 whose concentrations are declining as a result of the Montreal Protocol. The rate of total forcing change for all 14 halogenated gases is 1.5 (2.2) mW/m$^2$/year at the tropopause (mesopause). The calculations assumed a constant altitude concentration for all halogenated gases except CFC11, CFC12 and SF$_6$. Using the observed altitude dependence for those 3 molecules reduced their radiative forcings by about 10%. The global warming potential values were comparable to those given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The contribution of a gas to global warming was estimated using the forcing power per molecule defined as the derivative of its radiative forcing with respect to its column density. For the present atmosphere, the per-molecule forcing powers of halogenated gases are orders of magnitude larger than those for the 5 naturally occuring greenhouse gases because the latter have much higher concentrations and are strongly saturated. But, the rates of concentration increase of the 5 main greenhouse gases are orders of magnitude greater than that of any halogenated gas. Assuming the temperature increase caused by each gas is proportional to its radiative forcing increase, the 14 halogenated gases are responsible for only 2% of the total global warming. Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.16465, arXiv:2006.03098

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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: J Hansson; E MacEachen; B J Landstad; S Vinberg; +1 Authors

    Abstract Background Globally the COVID-19 pandemic presented major difficulties for self-employed people such as financial decline, restrictions and business closures. A plethora of financial support measures was rolled out worldwide to support them, but there is a lack of research looking at the effectiveness of the policy measures on small businesses. The aim of the study was to compare policies addressing government financial support in Sweden and Canada to get an understanding of how different governmental financial support measures enhanched self-employed people's resilience and improved their chances to manage the pandemic. In addition, individual interviews with Swedish and Canadian self-employed people were conducted to get an understanding of how they experienced the support measures and how these measures factored into their resilience during and after the restrictions had ended. Methods We conducted a mixed-method study encompassing document analysis and semi-structured interviews with self-employed people in Sweden and Canada. The constant comparative method guided the data analysis and documentary and interview data were analysed together. Three categories were formed: Welfare protection and effects, Self-employed well-being and Agility during COVID-19, based on their ability to represent the overall sense of the phenomena. Results Key results were that self-employed people in both countries unable to telework, were less resilient during the pandemic due to financial problems, restrictions and lockdowns, and that this negatively affected their well-being. Conclusions Potential future policy responses in Sweden and Canada to support self-employed people during crises or adversity should consider the diversity among small businesses and tailor programmes towards viable businesses in greatest need of support, such as those in businesses unable to telework. Key messages • Self-employed people in Sweden and Canada unable to telework, were less resilient during the pandemic due to financial problems, restrictions and lockdowns. • Future policy responses to support self-employed people during adversity should tailor programmes towards viable businesses in greatest need of support.

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    European Journal of Public Health
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY NC
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      European Journal of Public Health
      Article . 2023
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  • Authors: Raymond N. Yong; Abdel-Mohsen O. Mohamed;

    This paper extends the previous work by the writers where a nonassociated flow rule for anisotropic clays was proposed that accounts for the inherent anisotropy, which forms during deposition, and stress‐induced anisotropy, which develops during the loading process. The analysis is extended to various combinations of stress in stress space. A failure criterion is proposed on the basis of experimental results conducted in the recent investigations. The predicted behavior is compared with available experimental results from true triaxial tests on anisotropic kaolinite clay.

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  • Authors: Douglas J. Cant;

    ABSTRACT The Aptian-Albian Mannville Group of the Western Canada foreland basin shows longitudinal paleoflow parallel to the basin axis, and therefore its sequence stratigraphic organization differs from that of either a passive margin or a transversely supplied foreland. A detailed isopach map of the lower transgressive systems tract shows that over most of the basin, the greater part of this unit was not deposited in accommodation generated primarily by flexural subsidence In the west, the basal Cadomin Conglomerate was shed during a period of erosion of the overthrust load and uplift of the foreland, and does not mark the initiation of overthrusting. The Cadomin was preserved in disequilibrium with respect to any sea-level-related base level. To the east, basal Mannville sediments were deposited in valleys forming a major drainage system cut into the underlying Paleozoic rocks or in a large but shallow cratonic basin overlying a thick Paleozoic salt undergoing solution. The valley fills are nested, cut into one another because of the lower rates of ormation of accommodation and also the narrow topographic depressions on the basal unconformity. None of these sediments were deposited in accommodation resulting from flexural subsidence. The upper highstand systems tract includes a number of unconformities, indicated in nonmarine to marginal-marine areas by incised valleys or abrupt, discontinuous facies shifts, and in shallow marine areas by falling to lowstand shoreface sandstones. In the area of higher subsidence rates near the overthrust belt, subaerial unconformities do not extend onto marine shelves; conformable surfaces with no evidence of subaerial exposure (Type 2 sequence boundaries) occur here. Eastward (parallel to the shoreline) in areas of lower subsidence rates, these pass into subaerial unconformities (Type 1 sequence boundaries) cutting across marine shelves, with falling and lowstand shoreface deposits at their distal edges. Traced much farther east into areas with the lowest subsidence rates, the Ty e 1 unconformities amalgamate, with the result that the gaps in the section are larger stratigraphically and represent longer time periods. The proportion of falling, lowstand, and transgressive sea-level deposits compared to highstand deposits is also greater cratonward. These stratigraphic and sedimentologic patterns are interpretable as the result of fluctuations in sea level generated by some unspecified extrabasinal mechanism, possibly eustasy, superimposed on the laterally varying foreland subsidence gradient.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Annie, Béliveau; Marc, Lucotte; Robert, Davidson; Luis Otávio do Canto, Lopes; +1 Authors

    article i nfo In the Brazilian Amazon, forest conversion to agricultural lands (slash-and-burn cultivation) contributes to soil mercury (Hg) release and to aquatic ecosystem contamination. Recent studies have shown that soil Hg loss occurs rapidly after deforestation, suggesting that Hg mobility could be related to the massive cation input resulting from biomass burning. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of the first year of slash-and-burn agriculture on soil Hg levels at the regional scale of the Tapajos River, in the state of Para, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 429 soil samples were collected in 26 farms of five riparian communities of the Tapajos basin. In September 2004, soil samples were collected from primary forest sites planned for slash-and-burn cultivation. In August 2005, one year after the initial burning, a second campaign was held and the exact same sites were re-sampled. Our results showed that total Hg levels in soils did not change significantly during the first year following slash-and-burn, suggesting no immediate release of soil Hg at that point in time. However, an early Hg mobility was detected near the surface (0-5 cm), reflected by a significant shift in Hg distribution in soil fractions. Indeed, a transfer of Hg from fine to coarser soil particles was observed, indicating that chemical bonds between Hg and fine particles could have been altered. A correspondence analysis (CA) showed that this process could be linked to a chemical competition caused by cation enrichment. The regional dimension of the study highlighted the prevailing importance of soil types in Hg dynamics, as shown by differentiated soil responses following deforestation according to soil texture. Confirming an early Hg mobility and indicating an eventual Hg release out of the soil, our results reinforce the call for the development of more sustainable agricultural practices in the Amazon.

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    The Science of The Total Environment
    Article . 2009
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      The Science of The Total Environment
      Article . 2009
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    Authors: P. A. Chatterton; J. D. Cross;

    ICE formed by condensing low pressure water vapour onto a surface below 80 K is amorphous in structure1,2 and there is evidence1 that the ice becomes crystalline when heated to 150 K. Microscopic observations of ice grown by ice pressure vapour deposition on a surface at temperatures up to 220 K have been reported3 and these show that the ice forms spherical crystallites and does not produce the crystal forms commonly observed at higher temperatures and pressures. The growth of such ice has been studied chiefly because of its relevance to the structure of nacreous clouds, but amorphous ice may also form on the surface of vacuum insulated cryogenic power cables and it was with this application in mind that the observations were made.

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    Nature Physical Science
    Article . 1972
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      Nature Physical Science
      Article . 1972
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    Authors: Kangxue Yin; Hui Huang; Pinxin Long; Alexei Gaissinski; +2 Authors

    AbstractDigitally capturing vegetation using off‐the‐shelf scanners is a challenging problem. Plants typically exhibit large self‐occlusions and thin structures which cannot be properly scanned. Furthermore, plants are essentially dynamic, deforming over the time, which yield additional difficulties in the scanning process. In this paper, we present a novel technique for acquiring and modelling of plants and foliage. At the core of our method is an intrusive acquisition approach, which disassembles the plant into disjoint parts that can be accurately scanned and reconstructed offline. We use the reconstructed part meshes as 3D proxies for the reconstruction of the complete plant and devise a global‐to‐local non‐rigid registration technique that preserves specific plant characteristics. Our method is tested on plants of various styles, appearances and characteristics. Results show successful reconstructions with high accuracy with respect to the acquired data.

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    Computer Graphics Forum
    Article . 2015
    License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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      Computer Graphics Forum
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  • Authors: A. H. Qureshi; L. N. Chaudhary;

    Temperature dependence of the initial susceptibility of Fe–3.25% Si has been investigated between −196° and 700°C for undeformed and deformed specimens. In the undeformed specimens the χi-vs-T behavior exhibits a minimum around room temperature and a second minimum around 450°C. The first maximum occurs between these two temperatures around 350°C, where χi is almost three times its room-temperature value. The χi rises again to extremely high values at temperatures slightly below the Curie point. With increasing deformation the first maximum is gradually flattened and disappears almost completely in specimens with 7% deformation.

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    Authors: Mohammed F. Alhamid; Majdi Rawashdeh; Haiwei Dong; M. Anwar Hossain; +1 Authors

    Context-aware recommendations offer the potential of exploiting social contents and utilize related tags and rating information to personalize the search for content considering a given context. Recommendation systems tackle the problem of trying to identify relevant resources from the vast number of choices available online. In this study, we propose a new recommendation model that personalizes recommendations and improves the user experience by analyzing the context when a user wishes to access multimedia content. We conducted empirical analysis on a dataset from last.fm to demonstrate the use of latent preferences for ranking items under a given context. Additionally, we use an optimization function to maximize the mean average precision measure of the resulted recommendation. Experimental results show a potential improvement to the quality of the recommendation in terms of accuracy when compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.

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    IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems
    Article . 2016
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      IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems
      Article . 2016
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ricky Watari; Sean T. Osis; Reed Ferber;

    Abstract Background Objectively identifying patients at baseline who may not respond well to a generic muscle strengthening intervention could improve clinical practice by optimizing treatment strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pelvic acceleration measures during running, and clinical and demographic variables could classify patellofemoral pain patients according to their response to a 6-week hip/core and knee exercise-based rehabilitation protocol. Methods Forty-one individuals with patellofemoral pain participated in a 6-week exercise intervention program and were sub-grouped into treatment Responders (n = 28) and Non-responders (n = 13) based on self-reported pain and function measures. Baseline pelvic acceleration measures were reduced using a principal component analysis and combined with patient reported outcome measures and demographic variables in a support vector machine to retrospectively classify patient treatment response. Findings The final classification model had 85.4% classification accuracy, which was significantly better than treatment success rate, with excellent detection rates for Responders (recall: 96.4%), but 23.1% of misclassifications among Non-responders (precision: 90.0%). Thus, it resulted in an F1-score of 0.93 and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.69. Interpretation Overall, the classifier successfully separated patellofemoral pain patients into exercise-based treatment Responders and Non-responders based on a combination of three components of the pelvic accelerations. While this model requires independent validation, it has the potential for further development and to be applied in clinical practice and improve treatment strategies for patellofemoral pain.

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    Clinical Biomechanics
    Article . 2018
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      Clinical Biomechanics
      Article . 2018
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    Authors: van Wijngaarden, W. A.; Happer, W.;

    The clear sky instantaneous radiative forcings of the 14 halogenated gases previously shown to have the largest contribution to global warming, were found. The calculation used the absorption cross sections for the halogenated gases which are assumed to be independent of temperature as well as over 1/3 million line strengths for the 5 naturally occurring greenhouse gases: H$_2$O, CO$_2$, O$_3$, CH$_4$ and N$_2$O, from the Hitran database. The total radiative forcing of the halogenated gases at their 2020 concentrations is 0.52 (0.67) W/m$^2$ at the tropopause (mesopause). Over half of this forcing is due to CFC11 and CFC12 whose concentrations are declining as a result of the Montreal Protocol. The rate of total forcing change for all 14 halogenated gases is 1.5 (2.2) mW/m$^2$/year at the tropopause (mesopause). The calculations assumed a constant altitude concentration for all halogenated gases except CFC11, CFC12 and SF$_6$. Using the observed altitude dependence for those 3 molecules reduced their radiative forcings by about 10%. The global warming potential values were comparable to those given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The contribution of a gas to global warming was estimated using the forcing power per molecule defined as the derivative of its radiative forcing with respect to its column density. For the present atmosphere, the per-molecule forcing powers of halogenated gases are orders of magnitude larger than those for the 5 naturally occuring greenhouse gases because the latter have much higher concentrations and are strongly saturated. But, the rates of concentration increase of the 5 main greenhouse gases are orders of magnitude greater than that of any halogenated gas. Assuming the temperature increase caused by each gas is proportional to its radiative forcing increase, the 14 halogenated gases are responsible for only 2% of the total global warming. Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.16465, arXiv:2006.03098

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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: J Hansson; E MacEachen; B J Landstad; S Vinberg; +1 Authors

    Abstract Background Globally the COVID-19 pandemic presented major difficulties for self-employed people such as financial decline, restrictions and business closures. A plethora of financial support measures was rolled out worldwide to support them, but there is a lack of research looking at the effectiveness of the policy measures on small businesses. The aim of the study was to compare policies addressing government financial support in Sweden and Canada to get an understanding of how different governmental financial support measures enhanched self-employed people's resilience and improved their chances to manage the pandemic. In addition, individual interviews with Swedish and Canadian self-employed people were conducted to get an understanding of how they experienced the support measures and how these measures factored into their resilience during and after the restrictions had ended. Methods We conducted a mixed-method study encompassing document analysis and semi-structured interviews with self-employed people in Sweden and Canada. The constant comparative method guided the data analysis and documentary and interview data were analysed together. Three categories were formed: Welfare protection and effects, Self-employed well-being and Agility during COVID-19, based on their ability to represent the overall sense of the phenomena. Results Key results were that self-employed people in both countries unable to telework, were less resilient during the pandemic due to financial problems, restrictions and lockdowns, and that this negatively affected their well-being. Conclusions Potential future policy responses in Sweden and Canada to support self-employed people during crises or adversity should consider the diversity among small businesses and tailor programmes towards viable businesses in greatest need of support, such as those in businesses unable to telework. Key messages • Self-employed people in Sweden and Canada unable to telework, were less resilient during the pandemic due to financial problems, restrictions and lockdowns. • Future policy responses to support self-employed people during adversity should tailor programmes towards viable businesses in greatest need of support.

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    European Journal of Public Health
    Article . 2023
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      European Journal of Public Health
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY NC
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • Authors: Raymond N. Yong; Abdel-Mohsen O. Mohamed;

    This paper extends the previous work by the writers where a nonassociated flow rule for anisotropic clays was proposed that accounts for the inherent anisotropy, which forms during deposition, and stress‐induced anisotropy, which develops during the loading process. The analysis is extended to various combinations of stress in stress space. A failure criterion is proposed on the basis of experimental results conducted in the recent investigations. The predicted behavior is compared with available experimental results from true triaxial tests on anisotropic kaolinite clay.

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