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SH2 domains are phosphotyrosine specific interaction modules with largely overlapping sequence specificities. A recent structure by Bae et al. revealed that SH2 domain specificity can be mediated by secondary binding sites located outside the phosphotyrosine binding pocket.

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate trends in organisms causing early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Congruent with recent reports, we hypothesized there would be an increase in EONS caused by Escherichia coli.Study DesignNational data on infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units from 2009 to 2014 were compared to previously reported data from 2003 to 2008. We report 430 cases of EONS from 2009 to 2014. Bivariate analyses were used to analyze the distribution of causative organisms over time and differences by gestational age. Linear regression was used to estimate trends in causative organisms.ResultsSince 2003, there has been a trend of increasing numbers of cases caused by E coli (P<0.01). The predominant organism was E coli in preterm infants and Group B Streptococcus in term infants.ConclusionsWith the majority of EONS cases now caused by E coli, our findings emphasize the importance of continued surveillance of causative organism patterns and developing approaches to reduce cases caused by E coli.

This dataset is composed of CT pulmonary angiograms and annotations related to pulmonary embolism. It is available at https://www.rsna.org/education/ai-resources-and-training/ai-image-challenge/rsn...

The intent of convening the international symposium on circle hooks in research, management, and conservation was to yield a contemporary, science-based assessment of the management and conservation utility of circle hooks in commercial, recreational, and artisanal fisheries around the globe. The symposium objective was to provide a forum for individuals, organizations, and agencies to share relevant research results and perspectives. Based on the presentations, an examination of the literature, and the collective experience and knowledge of the authors, we provide a brief overview of the current status of circle hook research along with a list of research needs, with a particular focus on science that has the potential to inform managers and stakeholders. progress was made on the definition of a "true circle hook." There was strong recognition that circle hooks represent just one of the tools available to managers for reducing bycatch and release mortality. also defined was the need for an integrative approach that considers strategies that complement the use of circle hooks. some of the research needs identified include a greater emphasis on human dimension studies to identify those factors that may impede adoption of circle hook technology by stakeholders and comparative studies of circle hook performance relative to mouth morphology, dentition, and feeding behavior. While the literature on effective use of circle hooks is growing, there remains a number of unanswered questions that will require study before circle hooks are more widely adopted for conservation and management of aquatic living resources.

Spinal epidural haemorrhage is a rare entity that occurs uncommonly in adults and rarely in children. It has a typical clinical presentation, although to date, the cause for the majority of cases remains unknown. We present a series of cases where epidural haemorrhage was identified at post-mortem, principly to the cervical cord, in cases outside the age range usually reported for clinical epidural haemorrhage, and with no underlying pathology to account for the finding. We present a hypothesis for a post-mortem cause for this finding and consider that, in the absence of any other identifiable causation, then this is a post-mortem occurrence similar to that of the Prinsloo-Gordon artefact of the soft tissues of the neck. This finding must be interpreted with care so as not to make the mistaken diagnosis of a nonaccidental head injury based on its finding, especially in the absence of intracranial, cranial nerve, optic nerve or eye pathologies.

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) can be used to implement high Q waveguide components with the same easy and low-cost fabrication process as planar circuits. In this paper two inline three-pole dual-mode filters with asymmetric transmission response based on SIW are presented. These two filters, consisting of a TE102-TE301 dual-mode SIW cavity and a TE101 mode SIW cavity, are centred at around 10 GHz with a transmission zero on the left of the passband and the right of the passband, respectively. Based on the two kinds of three-pole deal-mode filters, a diplexer with isolation better than 35 dB is developed. A linear microstrip taper is used to implement the transition between microstrip and SIW. The measured results agree with simulated results.

There is an ongoing debate on the importance of genetic factors in cancer development, where gene-centered cancer predisposition seems to show that only 5 to 10% of the cancer cases are inheritable. By conducting a systematic analysis of germline genomes of 9712 cancer patients representing 22 common cancer types along with 16,670 noncancer individuals, we identified seven cancer-associated germline genomic patterns (CGGPs), which summarized trinucleotide mutational spectra of germline genomes. A few CGGPs were consistently enriched in the germline genomes of patients whose tumors had smoking signatures or correlated with oncogenesis- and genome instability–related mutations. Furthermore, subgroups defined by the CGGPs were significantly associated with distinct oncogenic pathways, tumor histological subtypes, and prognosis in 13 common cancer types, suggesting that germline genomic patterns enable to inform treatment and clinical outcomes. These results provided evidence that cancer risk and clinical outcomes could be encoded in germline genomes. Germline variants when organized as genomic patterns are associated with cancer risk, oncogenic pathways, and clinical outcomes.

This study examines the feasibility of constructing reliable commercial property price indices using property tax records. We employ the Clapp and Giacotto (1992) assessed-value method to estimate price indices from 1988:4 to 2008:4 for commercial properties in Florida. The estimated Florida commercial property price index is compared to the Moody’s/REAL Commercial Property Price Index (CPPI) and to the transaction-based index (TBI) produced by the Commercial Real Estate Data Lab at MIT. Our results are promising, suggesting that this widely-available data source can be used to produce commercial price indices for a wide variety of precise market locations and specific investor segments on an ongoing basis. We use our comprehensive database to examine two specific subsets in more detail. First, we narrow our range to focus on just the office sector for Florida. We compare price movements for the Florida office sector with the comparable CPPI. Estimates produce very similar price movements providing support to both methods. Second, we contrast the price performance of higher- and lower-valued properties. Chow tests indicate that Florida commercial properties assessed at $2.5 million, or above, appreciated on average at greater rates than those assessed below $2.5 million. In addition, our estimates indicate that highervalued properties performed especially well during periods of economic expansion. This finding represents an important contribution toward understanding the relative performance of smaller and institutional-grade commercial properties.

Abstract Abstract 379 Necdin, a member of MAGE (melanoma antigen) family proteins, is a growth suppressing protein that was first identified in post mitotic neurons. The gene encoding necdin is one of several deleted in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome, a neurobehavioural disorder associated with an increased risk of myeloid leukemia. It is reported that necdin interacts with p53 and represses p53-mediated apoptosis in neurons, but its role in hematopoiesis is largely unknown. Recently, we defined a critical role of p53 in regulating hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, and identified necdin as a target gene of p53, that is highly expressed in LT-HSCs (Liu Y et al., Cell Stem Cell, 2009). To define the role of necdin in hematopoiesis, we have analyzed the hematopoietic compartment of necdin-null mice. As necdin-null mice die perinatally, we first investigated fetal hematopoiesis and found no alteration in the frequency of fetal liver HSCs, defined as Lin-Sca1+Mac1+CD48-CD150+ within the fetal liver cells. Although necdin-null fetal liver HSCs increase serial replating capability in methylcellulose and maintain stemness in long-term stromal based cultures better than wild type HSCs, necdin-null fetal liver HSCs repopulate lethally irradiated recipient mice similar to wild type HSCs, in primary, secondary, and tertiary serial bone marrow transplantation assays. In addition, necdin-null HSCs show almost comparable repopulating ability as wild type HSCs, after secondary competitive bone marrow transplantation assays. These imply that necdin is dispensable for HSC self renewal. On the other hand, BM-derived necdin-null HSCs show decreased quiescence 4 months after transplantation, and increased proliferation as indicated by in vivo BrdU incorporation assays. Furthermore, recipient mice repopulated with necdin-null HSCs show enhanced sensitivity both to weekly 5-FU administration and to total body irradiation, as manifested by increased mortality. This suggests that the decreased quiescence of necdin-null HSCs leads to their depletion under conditions of genotoxic stress. Gene expression profiling studies have identified several deregulated signaling pathways in the necdin-null HSCs. Expression of several p53 target genes is altered in irradiated necdin-null HSCs, which may account for their enhanced radiosensitivity. We are now investigating these necdin target genes to clarify how necdin functions to critically regulate HSC quiescence. We are also determining whether targeting necdin could be a therapeutic approach to eliminate quiescent leukemia stem cells, using a murine CML model. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.