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Human Migration and the Spread of the Nematode ParasiteWuchereria bancrofti

Authors: Small, Scott T.; Labbé, Frédéric; Coulibaly, Yaya I.; Nutman, Thomas B.; King, Christopher L.; Serre, David; Zimmerman, Peter A.;

Human Migration and the Spread of the Nematode ParasiteWuchereria bancrofti

Abstract

AbstractThe human disease lymphatic filariasis causes the debilitating effects of elephantiasis and hydrocele. Lymphatic filariasis currently affects the lives of 90 million people in 52 countries. There are three nematodes that cause lymphatic filariasis,Brugia malayi, B. timori, andWuchereria bancrofti, but 90% of all cases of lymphatic filariasis are caused solely byW. bancrofti. Here we use population genomics to identify the geographic origin ofW. bancroftiand reconstruct its spread. Previous genomic sequencing efforts have suffered from difficulties in obtaining Wb DNA. We used selective whole genome amplification to enrichW. bancroftiDNA from infected blood samples and were able to analyze 47 whole genomes ofW. bancroftifrom endemic locations in Haiti, Mali, Kenya, and Papua New Guinea. Our results are consistent with a Southeast Asia or East Asia origin forW. bancroftispread around the globe by infecting migrating populations of humans. Austronesians probably introducedW. ban-croftito Madagascar where later migrations moved it to continental Africa. From Africa,W. bancroftispread to the New World during the transatlantic slave trade. The greater genetic diversity ofW. bancroftipopulations from Haiti are also consistent with genetic admixture from multiple source populations. Genome scans for locally adapted haplotypes identified genes associated with human immune suppression and insecticide sensitivity. Locally adapted haplotypes may provide a foundation to understand the distribution ofW. bancrofticompared to that of other filarial nematodes and how populations may differ in response to eradication efforts.

Subjects by Vocabulary

Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Zoology Genetic admixture Elephantiasis Biology medicine.disease_cause Brugia malayi Population genomics medicine Melanesians Lymphatic filariasis Genetic diversity Human migration business.industry Brugia timori biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Wuchereria bancrofti business

Keywords

Nematoda, Human Migration, Adaptation, Biological, Elephantiasis, Filarial, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Wuchereria bancrofti, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Discoveries, Whole Genome Sequencing, Genetic Variation, Phylogeography

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  • citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    24
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
24
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Funded by
NIH| Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland
Project
  • Funder: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • Project Code: 2UL1TR000439-06
  • Funding stream: NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES
,
NIH| W. bancrofti infection diversity and treatment response
Project
  • Funder: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • Project Code: 1R21AI103263-01
  • Funding stream: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
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